JOURNAL OF ASIAN ASSOCIATION OF SCHOOLS OF PHARMACY - Volume 1 No.3, July - September, 2012

Pages: 159-169
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Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic activities and acute toxicity of the ethanolic extract of Clausena harmandiana Pierre in animals

Author: Jinda Wangboonskul, Auemduan Prawan, Pobporn Takthaisong, Watikan Sasithornwetchakun, Chantana Boonyarat, Chavi Yenjai, Pramote Mahakunakorn

Category: Pharmacy

Abstract:

Clausena harmandiana Pierre (CH), a local plant used traditionally for pain relief and antipyretic, was used to investigate analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic activities and acute toxicity from an ethanolic extract of its root bark (CH-EtOH). Chemical analysis by HPLC indicated dentatin and nordentatin contents in CH-EtOH at 1.71 and 2.57% w/w, respectively. Analgesic activity of oral CH-EtOH was tested in mice by thermal threshold tests and acetic acid (AA)-induced writhing response, antiinflammatory by carrageenan-induced rat paw edema, antipyretic by baker yeast-induced fever rat model and acute toxicity followed OECD Guidelines. Oral CH-EtOH significantly decreased writhing responses in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.05), but slightly affected thermal thres-hold, suggesting its peripheral analgesic action. It showed no antiinflammatory activity but significantly reduced the rectal temperature on yeast-induced pyrexia (p<0.05) in a dose-dependent manner comparable to paracetamol. Acute toxicity test of oral CH-EtOH up to 3 g/kg did not show any serious toxic effects during a 7-day period of observations. This evidenced the use of ethanolic extract of root bark of C. harmandiana in folk medicine as analgesic and antipyretic agents.

Keywords: Clausena harmandiana analgesic anti-inflammatory antipyretic acute toxicity folk medicine